Sql psql - This section describes: functions and operators for processing and creating JSON data. the SQL/JSON path language. To provide native support for JSON data types within the SQL environment, PostgreSQL implements the SQL/JSON data model. This model comprises sequences of items. Each item can hold SQL scalar values, with an …

 
PSQL (Procedural SQL) — процедурное расширение языка SQL для СУБД Firebird и Interbase. Это подмножество языка SQL используется для написания хранимых …. Zombie wars

SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases. Whether you are a beginner or have some programm...Mar 13, 2024 · SQL OnLine - Next gen SQL Editor: SQLite, MariaDB / MySQL, PostgreSQL, MS SQL Server. User-friendly interface for data science. No registration for start, No DownLoad, No Install. Online test SQL script. Online Open/Save SQLite file. Online view all table DB. Fiddle link SQL text and DB file. SQL Test, SQLite in Browser, Data for World, …Feb 22, 2024 · To connect to a PostgreSQL database from the Windows Command Prompt (CMD): 1. Type Command Prompt in the Windows search bar and launch the app. 2. Enter the following command to initiate a session as the postgres user: psql -U postgres. The system prompts you to enter the password for the postgres user. Feb 8, 2024 · Users can also define their own functions and operators, as described in Part V. The psql commands \df and \do can be used to list all available functions and operators, respectively. The notation used throughout this chapter to describe the argument and result data types of a function or operator is like this: repeat ( text, integer ) → text. Открытие psql - это важный шаг в работе с базами данных PostgreSQL. В этой статье мы рассмотрели, как установить PostgreSQL, открыть psql, подключиться к базе данных, выполнить SQL-запросы и выйти из psql.To disable pagination but retain the output, use: \pset pager off. To remember this setting, add it to your ~/.psqlrc, e.g. like this: echo \\pset pager off >> ~/.psqlrc. See the psql manual. On older versions of Pg it was just a toggle, so \pset pager. To completely suppress query output, use \o /dev/null in your psql script.Cannabis companies face restrictions on advertising, so they make beautiful packaging instead. It turns out that the oldest dealer cliche, that weed sells itself, comes with an ast...Meta-Commands. Anything you enter in psql that begins with an unquoted backslash is a psql meta-command that is processed by psql itself. These commands help make psql more useful for administration or scripting. Meta-commands are more commonly called slash or backslash commands. The format of a psql command is the backslash, followed … SQL Shell (psql) SQL Shell (psql) is a terminal based program where you can write and execute SQL syntax in the command-line terminal. Open SQL Shell (psql) You will find the SQL Shell (psql) tool in the start menu under PostgreSQL: Tip: If you cannot find it, try searching for "SQL Shell" on your computer. ENTERING SQL COMMANDS In normal operation, psql provides a prompt with the name of the database to which psql is currently connected, followed by the string =>. For example: $ psql testdb psql (8.4.13) Type "help" for help. testdb=> At the prompt, the user can type in SQL commands. Ordinarily, input lines are sent to the server when a command …The “SQL” part of “MySQL” stands for “Structured Query Language.” SQL is the most common standardized language used to access databases. Depending on your programming environment, you might enter SQL directly (for example, to generate reports), embed SQL statements into code written in another language, or use a language-specific ...AT TIME ZONE. 9.9.5. Current Date/Time. 9.9.6. Delaying Execution. Table 9.33 shows the available functions for date/time value processing, with details appearing in the following subsections. Table 9.32 illustrates the behaviors of the basic arithmetic operators ( +, *, etc.). For formatting functions, refer to Section 9.8.Calculators Helpful Guides Compare Rates Lender Reviews Calculators Helpful Guides Learn More Tax Software Reviews Calculators Helpful Guides Robo-Advisor Reviews Learn More Find a...Cannabis companies face restrictions on advertising, so they make beautiful packaging instead. It turns out that the oldest dealer cliche, that weed sells itself, comes with an ast...Basically it will cause to attach to the terminal. If you wanted to open the bash terminal you can do this. docker exec -it yiialkalmi_postgres_1 bash. yiialkalmi_postgres_1 The container name (you could use the container id instead, which in your case would be 40e39bd0329a ) psql -U project -W project The command to execute to the running ...PostgreSQL Project. October 13, 2022 - The PostgreSQL Global Development Group today announced the release of PostgreSQL 15 , the latest version of the world’s most advanced open source database. PostgreSQL 15 builds on the performance improvements of recent releases with noticeable gains for managing workloads in both local and distributed ...Feb 8, 2024 · 26.1.2. Using pg_dumpall. 26.1.3. Handling Large Databases. The idea behind this dump method is to generate a file with SQL commands that, when fed back to the server, will recreate the database in the same state as it was at the time of the dump. PostgreSQL provides the utility program pg_dump for this purpose. The basic usage of …psql --username yourusername --dbname yourdatabasename -f yourfile.sql as clarified here.Depending on configuration, may ask for your password. If it is a newly installed database engine with no your database yet, use postgres for the database name and try to omit the username part (new installation should normally grant the full access …3 days ago · Familiarize with PostgreSQL Access the database shell. Become the postgres user. Start the primary database shell, psql, where you can do all your creation of databases/tables, deletion, set permissions, and run raw SQL commands.Use the -d option to connect to the database you created (without specifying a database, psql will try to …Feb 8, 2024 · CREATE VIEW defines a view of a query. The view is not physically materialized. Instead, the query is run every time the view is referenced in a query. CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW is similar, but if a view of the same name already exists, it is replaced. The new query must generate the same columns that were generated by the existing …Feb 8, 2024 · The following few chapters are intended to give a simple introduction to PostgreSQL, relational database concepts, and the SQL language to those who are new to any one of these aspects. We only assume some general knowledge about how to use computers. No particular Unix or programming experience is required. This part is mainly …Feb 8, 2024 · SQL commands are typically entered using the PostgreSQL interactive terminal psql, but other programs that have similar functionality can be used as well. Table of Contents. 4. SQL Syntax. 4.1. Lexical Structure. 4.2. Value Expressions. 4.3. Calling Functions. 5. Data Definition. 5.1. Table Basics. 5.2. Default Values. 5.3. Generated Columns. 5.4. How many more reports can you generate? How many sales figures do you have to tally, how many charts, how many databases, how many sql queries, how many 'design' pattern to follow... Starting psql to create a stored procedure. To start psql, you need to go to the Windows Menu and select PostgreSQL [version]>SQL Shell (plsql) . The SQL Shell (psql) will ask for the PostgreSQL server name which is the localhost by default. Also, it will ask for the database name. By default, the Postgres database is installed. Feb 22, 2024 · To connect to a PostgreSQL database from the Windows Command Prompt (CMD): 1. Type Command Prompt in the Windows search bar and launch the app. 2. Enter the following command to initiate a session as the postgres user: psql -U postgres. The system prompts you to enter the password for the postgres user. To disable pagination but retain the output, use: \pset pager off. To remember this setting, add it to your ~/.psqlrc, e.g. like this: echo \\pset pager off >> ~/.psqlrc. See the psql manual. On older versions of Pg it was just a toggle, so \pset pager. To completely suppress query output, use \o /dev/null in your psql script.You can run a sql command file against a running postgres container via the one liner. cat ./query.sql | docker exec -i <container-name> psql -U <user> -d <database>. without having to copy the file from your host machine to …Tutorials: Learn SQL step by step. 0 SELECT basics. Some simple queries to get you started. 1 SELECT name. Some pattern matching queries. 2 SELECT from World. In which we query the World country profile table. 3 SELECT from Nobel. Additional practice of the basic features using a table of Nobel Prize winners.Tutorials: Learn SQL step by step. 0 SELECT basics. Some simple queries to get you started. 1 SELECT name. Some pattern matching queries. 2 SELECT from World. In which we query the World country profile table. 3 SELECT from Nobel. Additional practice of the basic features using a table of Nobel Prize winners.PostgreSQL has a rich set of native data types available to users. Users can add new types to PostgreSQL using the CREATE TYPE command.. Table 8.1 shows all the built-in general-purpose data types. Most of the alternative names listed in the “ Aliases ” column are the names used internally by PostgreSQL for historical reasons. In addition, …Common Table Expressions. To specify common table expressions, use a WITH clause that has one or more comma-separated subclauses. Each subclause provides a subquery that produces a result set, and associates a name with the subquery. The following example defines CTEs named cte1 and cte2 in the WITH clause, and refers to them in the top …Since most users will be learning SQL to interact with an existing database, the lessons begin by introducing you to the various parts of an SQL query. The later lessons will then show you how to alter a table (or schema) and create new tables from scratch. Each lesson will introduce a different concept and end with an interactive exercise. This is an operation that runs an SQL COPY command, but instead of the server reading or writing the specified file, psql reads or writes the file and routes the data between the server and the local file system. This means that file accessibility and privileges are those of the local user, not the server, and no SQL superuser privileges are ... Jan 16, 2019 · psql will send the entire string to the server, and execute it in one single transaction. Your problem is that you start a transaction using "begin", but never commit it. Therefore at the end of the psql run, all your changes are rolled back. The next psql command will not find the schema, nor the table. Here's what the charts and indicators point to ahead of earnings next week. Cybersecurity firm Palo Alto Networks (PANW) is not expected to report their latest quarterly earnin...psql Tips. Psql Tip #001. If you want to simply send a single line command to psql and exit, try using the -c or --command=command flag. laetitia:~$ psql -c 'select * from test;' id | … This answer mixes psql meta-commands \set with PostgreSQL commands in a confusing fashion. As of postgresql 9.1, in psql you can now use :'variable' to have it properly quoted as a value for you, or :"variable" to use it as an identifier. They don't expand if you enclose them in single quotes in the SQL statement. AT TIME ZONE. 9.9.5. Current Date/Time. 9.9.6. Delaying Execution. Table 9.33 shows the available functions for date/time value processing, with details appearing in the following subsections. Table 9.32 illustrates the behaviors of the basic arithmetic operators ( +, *, etc.). For formatting functions, refer to Section 9.8.If you are new to SQL and want to practice your skills, working with sample tables that already contain data is a great way to get started. In this article, we will explore some pr...How DNA profiling works involves creating a DNA profile. Learn how DNA profiling works and how a DNA profile works. Advertisement The term "DNA," once used only by scientists, has ...Also, psql only prints the result of the last SQL command in the string. This is different from the behavior when the same string is read from a file or fed to psql 's standard input, because then psql sends each SQL command separately. Because of this behavior, putting more than one SQL command in a single -c string often has unexpected results.Running the PostgreSQL interactive terminal program, called psql, which allows you to interactively enter, edit, and execute SQL commands.. Using an existing graphical frontend tool like pgAdmin or an office suite with ODBC or JDBC support to create and manipulate a database. These possibilities are not covered in this tutorial. Writing a …Psql is the interactive terminal for working with Postgres. Theres an abundance of flags available for use when working with psql, but lets focus on some of the most important …Мы познакомились с утилитой psql. Это стандартный клиент для подключения к PostgreSQL. В psql можно изучать структуру базы данных, создавать новые базы, таблицы и выполнять SQL запросы.psql db -f sql.sql 2>&1 > log.txt. mind you there can not be spaces between 2>&1. Finally and sometimes most interesting is the fact that you can suppress all output by using &>, for when you want it 'perfectly quiet' psql db -f sql.sql &> /dev/null. Share. Improve this answer.Feb 6, 2011 ... Are you looking for a single SQL query statement that would generate a CREATE statement? It can not be done in PostgreSQL. In MySQL, that would ...From the command line: psql -f 1.sql. psql -f 2.sql. From the psql prompt: \i 1.sql. \i 2.sql. Note that you may need to import the files in a specific order (for example: data definition before data manipulation). If you've got bash shell (GNU/Linux, Mac OS X, Cygwin) and the files may be imported in the alphabetical order, you may use this ...Feb 8, 2024 · This part contains reference information for the SQL commands supported by PostgreSQL.By “ SQL ” the language in general is meant; information about the standards conformance and compatibility of each command can be found on the respective reference page. Travel abroad is rebounding in the summer of 2023, and flight prices to Europe and Asia are soaring to recent record highs. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and...Sql shell psql — это консольный интерфейс для работы с базами данных PostgresSQL. Использование данного инструмента может быть полезно для …May 1, 2023 · Essential Usability Tips. The psql utility is packed with many helpful commands to help you explore and manage your database. Any slash command ( \) is used to specify a meta-command that will typically run the necessary SQL queries in the background and return the results in a readable format. First, let’s look at a few tips about how psql ... SQL commands are typically entered using the PostgreSQL interactive terminal psql, but other programs that have similar functionality can be used as well. …SQL Server 2022 supports the following signature of STRING_SPLIT: STRING_SPLIT ( string , separator [ , enable_ordinal ] ) When enable_ordinal flag is set to 1 the result will include a column named ordinal that consists of the 1‑based position of the substring within the input string: SQL Shell (psql) SQL Shell (psql) is a terminal based program where you can write and execute SQL syntax in the command-line terminal. Open SQL Shell (psql) You will find the SQL Shell (psql) tool in the start menu under PostgreSQL: Tip: If you cannot find it, try searching for "SQL Shell" on your computer. Please note the following commands: \list or \l: list all databases \c <db name>: connect to a certain database \dt: list all tables in the current database using your search_path \dt *.: list all tables in the current database regardless your search_path You will never see tables in other databases, these tables aren't visible. You have to connect …SQL/JSON defines three-valued logic, so the condition can be true, false, or unknown. The unknown value plays the same role as SQL NULL and can be tested for with the is unknown predicate. Further path evaluation steps use only those items for which the filter expression returned true. The functions and operators that can be used in filter …Recently I was out to dinner with some friends. The restaurant was packed, and clearly the wait staff was miss Recently I was out to dinner with some friends. The restaurant was pa...SQL/JSON defines three-valued logic, so the condition can be true, false, or unknown. The unknown value plays the same role as SQL NULL and can be tested for with the is unknown predicate. Further path evaluation steps use only those items for which the filter expression returned true. The functions and operators that can be used in filter …DeepDive is a trained data analysis system developed by Stanford that allows developers to perform data analysis on a deeper level than other systems. DeepDive is targeted towards ...Feb 8, 2024 · CREATE PROCEDURE defines a new procedure. CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE will either create a new procedure, or replace an existing definition. To be able to define a procedure, the user must have the USAGE privilege on the language. If a schema name is included, then the procedure is created in the specified schema. PostgreSQL is an advanced relational database system. PostgreSQL supports both relational (SQL) and non-relational (JSON) queries. PostgreSQL is free and open-source. Start learning PostgreSQL now Oct 13, 2023 ... Comments174 ; MySQL - The Basics // Learn SQL in 23 Easy Steps. Fireship · 718K views ; 5 Secrets for making PostgreSQL run BLAZING FAST. How to ...May 23, 2023 · In this article. Applies to: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric Compares two expressions (a comparison operator). When you compare nonnull expressions, the result is TRUE if the …Apr 12, 2017 · PostgreSQL是一个强大的开源对象关系数据库系统,它使用并扩展了SQL语言,并结合了许多功能,可以安全地存储和扩展最复杂的数据工作负载。PostgreSQL的起源可以追溯到1986年,是加州大学伯克利分校POSTGRES项目的一部分,在核心平台上有超过35年的积极开发。SQL stock is a fast mover, and SeqLL is an intriguing life sciences technology company that recently secured a government contract. SQL stock isn't right for every investor, but th...Some examples of database software are Oracle, FileMaker Pro, Microsoft Access, Microsoft SQL Server, SAP and MySQL. Database software, also called a database management system or ...Feb 8, 2024 · 9.4.1. format. This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating string values. Strings in this context include values of the types character, character varying, and text. Except where noted, these functions and operators are declared to accept and return type text. They will interchangeably accept character varying ...Microsoft Word is a word-processing program that offers a range of business tools, including the option to import from the open-source database language SQL. You can merge the SQL ...2 days ago · SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases. Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use SQL in: MySQL, SQL Server, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Postgres, and …Softwarewerkzeuge. PostgreSQL selbst läuft als Hintergrundprozess und kann auf verschiedene Weise interaktiv bedient werden. Für die kommandozeilenorientierte Bedienung und in Scripts wird die Konsolenanwendung psql mit der Installation mitgeliefert. Programme mit grafischer Benutzeroberfläche zur Bedienung und Verwaltung der …Microsoft Word is a word-processing program that offers a range of business tools, including the option to import from the open-source database language SQL. You can merge the SQL ...The GRANT statement enables system administrators to grant privileges and roles, which can be granted to user accounts and roles. These syntax restrictions apply: GRANT cannot mix granting both privileges and roles in the same statement. A given GRANT statement must grant either privileges or roles.PostgreSQL. In this PostgreSQL tutorial, you’ll learn the basic data types like Boolean, char, text, time, int, etc., Querying and Filtering techniques like select, where, in, order by, etc. managing and modifying the tables in PostgreSQL. We’ll cover all the basic to advance concepts of PostgreSQL in this tutorial.Feb 8, 2024 · 8.5.1. Date/Time Input #. Date and time input is accepted in almost any reasonable format, including ISO 8601, SQL -compatible, traditional POSTGRES, and others. For some formats, ordering of day, month, and year in date input is ambiguous and there is support for specifying the expected ordering of these fields. Here are the different types of the JOINs in SQL: (INNER) JOIN: Returns records that have matching values in both tables. LEFT (OUTER) JOIN: Returns all records from the left table, and the matched records from the right table. RIGHT (OUTER) JOIN: Returns all records from the right table, and the matched records from the left table.How DNA profiling works involves creating a DNA profile. Learn how DNA profiling works and how a DNA profile works. Advertisement The term "DNA," once used only by scientists, has ...Feb 29, 2020 · 首先安装QT5和PostgreSQL数据库sudo apt-get install qt5-default qt5creatorsudo apt-get install postgresql安装QPSQL驱动sudo apt-get install libqt5sql5-psql验证驱动启动QT,新建工程,在其pro文件中加入QT += sql,查看当前已安装的驱动。Documentation . View the manual. Manuals . You can view the manual for an older version or download a PDF of a manual from the below table.Feb 8, 2024 · Users can also define their own functions and operators, as described in Part V. The psql commands \df and \do can be used to list all available functions and operators, respectively. The notation used throughout this chapter to describe the argument and result data types of a function or operator is like this: repeat ( text, integer ) → text. If its not too late to add most of the options in one answer: There are a couple of options: set it in the pgpass file. link; set an environment variable and get it from there:Feb 8, 2024 · Description. UPDATE changes the values of the specified columns in all rows that satisfy the condition. Only the columns to be modified need be mentioned in the SET clause; columns not explicitly modified retain their previous values. There are two ways to modify a table using information contained in other tables in the database: using sub ...May 22, 2015 · 1. You can use psql on CMD on Windows 11. First, search and click Edit the system environment variables as shown below: Then, click Environment Variables as shown below: Lastly, set C:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\<version>\bin to Path either in User variables or System variables or both as shown below. Description. psql is a terminal-based front-end to PostgreSQL. It enables you to type in queries interactively, issue them to PostgreSQL, and see the query results. …SQL Development; Database Administration; Database Migration; The Community (OSS) Edition is available from this page under the GPL. Download source packages of LGPL libraries: MySQL Workbench Windows Prerequisites: To be able to install and run MySQL Workbench on Windows your system needs to have libraries listed below installed. The …Feb 8, 2024 · Also, psql only prints the result of the last SQL command in the string. This is different from the behavior when the same string is read from a file or fed to psql 's standard input, because then psql sends each SQL command separately. Because of this behavior, putting more than one SQL command in a single -c string often has unexpected results. This Query Formatter helps to beautify your SQL data instantly. MYSQL Formatter allows loading the SQL URL to beautify. Use your SQL URL to beautify. Click on the URL button, Enter URL and Submit. It supports Standard SQL, Couchbase N1QL, IBM DB2, MariaDB, and Oracle SQL & PL/SQL. Users can also beautify and remove the comments from SQL.Feb 6, 2023 · 从 PSQL Shell 运行 SQL 文件 有时,你可能需要一次运行多个查询,例如 CRUD 操作。为此,很难使用命令行或终端正确编写 SQL 命令。 如果你知道查询,请将其写入文件并使用扩展名 .sql 保存。它定义文件内的内容是标准查询语言。 从命令行或终端运行 SQL 文件 psql supports the Readline library for convenient line editing and retrieval. The command history is stored in a file named .psql_history in your home directory and is reloaded when psql starts up. Tab-completion is also supported, although the completion logic makes no claim to be an SQL parser. 1 day ago · Summary: in this tutorial, you are going to learn how to use the basic PostgreSQL SELECT statement to query data from a table.. Note that if you don’t know how to execute a query against the PostgreSQL database using the psql command-line tool or pgAdmin GUI tool, you can check the connection to the PostgreSQL database tutorial.. …

Feb 8, 2024 · 3.5. Window Functions #. A window function performs a calculation across a set of table rows that are somehow related to the current row. This is comparable to the type of calculation that can be done with an aggregate function. However, window functions do not cause rows to become grouped into a single output row like non-window aggregate .... Barclays us credit cards

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Documentation . View the manual. Manuals . You can view the manual for an older version or download a PDF of a manual from the below table.Meta-Commands. Anything you enter in psql that begins with an unquoted backslash is a psql meta-command that is processed by psql itself. These commands make psql more useful for administration or scripting. Meta-commands are often called slash or backslash commands. The format of a psql command is the backslash, followed immediately by a …Feb 8, 2024 · PostgreSQL has a rich set of native data types available to users. Users can add new types to PostgreSQL using the CREATE TYPE command.. Table 8.1 shows all the built-in general-purpose data types. Most of the alternative names listed in the “ Aliases ” column are the names used internally by PostgreSQL for historical reasons. In addition, …If i choose my database name in Heidi SQL i get the same result (empty): Result: What am I doing wrong? More Information: - HeidiSQL 8.3.0.4799.Feb 8, 2024 · Output a plain-text SQL script file (the default). c custom. Output a custom-format archive suitable for input into pg_restore. Together with the directory output format, this is the most flexible output format in that it allows manual selection and reordering of archived items during restore. ... $ psql -d newdb -f db.sql. To dump a database ... 1) Connect to PostgreSQL database. The following command connects to a database under a specific user. After pressing Enter PostgreSQL will ask for the password of the user. psql -d database -U user -W Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql) For example, to connect to dvdrental database under postgres user, you use the following ... This section describes: functions and operators for processing and creating JSON data. the SQL/JSON path language. To provide native support for JSON data types within the SQL environment, PostgreSQL implements the SQL/JSON data model. This model comprises sequences of items. Each item can hold SQL scalar values, with an …The SQL Command Line (SQL*Plus) is a powerful tool for executing SQL commands and scripts in Oracle databases. However, like any software, it can sometimes encounter issues that hi...Oct 24, 2020 ... In this video we are going to learn about a new database management system called PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL is an advanced, enterprise-class ...Feb 8, 2024 · 9.4.1. format. This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating string values. Strings in this context include values of the types character, character varying, and text. Except where noted, these functions and operators are declared to accept and return type text. They will interchangeably accept character varying ...More workers who make saving a habit report better health than those who do not. And it's not just about having a high income. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters ...Also, psql only prints the result of the last SQL command in the string. This is different from the behavior when the same string is read from a file or fed to psql 's standard input, because then psql sends each SQL command separately. Because of this behavior, putting more than one SQL command in a single -c string often has unexpected results.PostgreSQL Project. October 13, 2022 - The PostgreSQL Global Development Group today announced the release of PostgreSQL 15 , the latest version of the world’s most advanced open source database. PostgreSQL 15 builds on the performance improvements of recent releases with noticeable gains for managing workloads in both local and distributed ... psql vs SQL commands. psql has two different kinds of commands. Those starting with a backslash are for psql itself, as illustrated by the use of \q to quit. Those starting with valid SQL are of course interactive SQL used to create and modify PostgreSQL databases. Warning: SQL commands end with a semicolon! make sure the database you want to import to is created, then you can import the dump with. sudo -u postgres -i psql testdatabase < db-structure.sql. If you want to overwrite the whole database, first drop the database. # be sure you drop the right database !!! #sudo -u postgres -i psql -c "drop database testdatabase;"Also, psql only prints the result of the last SQL command in the string. This is different from the behavior when the same string is read from a file or fed to psql 's standard input, because then psql sends each SQL command separately. Because of this behavior, putting more than one SQL command in a single -c string often has unexpected results.Meta-Commands. Anything you enter in psql that begins with an unquoted backslash is a psql meta-command that is processed by psql itself. These commands are what makes psql interesting for administration or scripting. Meta-commands are more commonly called slash or backslash commands. The format of a psql command is the backslash, followed ….

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